Effectively managing the growth weights of replacement heifer calves and meeting critical body weight targets can help dairy farmers secure valuable future milk production.
As Autumn calving nears, SealesWinslow Nutrition and Quality Manager Paul Drew is reminding farmers that the success of the next generation of milkers starts at birth, which has been supported by scientific research.
A 2019 research project analysing 140,000 New Zealand dairy heifers revealed the positive relationship between body weight and milk production. The study found heavier heifers produce more milk in their first three lactations.
Heifers that met critical weight targets could produce up to 168kgMS more in their first lactation and up to 509kgMS more across their first three lactations.
"With Autumn calving around the corner, calves that fail to meet weight targets may suffer long-term consequences that will impact long-term farm profitability and the productivity of our dairy herds," says Paul.
"Unusually high rainfall and warmer temperatures this summer has meant many farms have exceptional grass cover coming into Autumn. But it's crucial farmers prioritise replacement nutrition from day one to make sure they reach best practice target weights."
Heifers should be meeting 30%, 60%, and 90% of mature weight at 6, 15, and 22 months, respectively.
"By improving calf rearing practices and ensuring calves reach their optimal weight, farmers can unlock the full potential of their herds, driving farm profitability," says Paul.
To have a productive heifer in their first lactation, Paul explains that there are certain phases the calf must go through to get there.
"Rumen development is key so that the calves can transition from milk and meal to meal and pasture as efficiently and quickly as possible," he says.
Paul believes there is an opportunity to better-educate farmers about the impact of calf nutrition on the long-term productivity of dairy herds.
"Farmers have a lot on their plates. Focusing on shorter-term concerns may mean they overlook the long-term benefits of investing in strategic nutrition plans for their calves as their future milkers," says Paul.
"The study clearly illustrates the impact meeting target calf weights can have on the long-term production of your herd. Right now, that's something farmers shouldn’t ignore."
While grass will always be king, even in a good season it may not always provide the energy and nutrients necessary for optimal growth.
Pasture supplemented with the right blend of energy, starch, fiber, and protein can optimise rumen performance in growing heifers, supporting health and productivity.
"It's not just about the current season, but also about setting the stage for future lactation cycles," says Paul.
"To support rumen development from an early age, small amounts of calf feed starter can be offered from birth. While the volume of feed consumed is low in a calf's first few weeks, every mouthful enhances rumen development."
"Firing up the rumen is critical for future feed efficiency and production."
The key to getting feed into calves early is to have a highly palatable feed that is offered fresh every day. The calf also needs enough energy to support its rapid growth, which should come from quality grains such as maize, barley and wheat, which are easier to digest.
"You cannot overstate the importance of prioritising proper nutrition and management practices to ensure replacement heifer calves reach their optimal weight. A bit of planning now, ahead of Autumn calving, can set your herd up for future seasons to come."
Products like SealesWinslow's Calf Max 20% Muesli, 20% Pellets and 16% Pellets have a high grain content to deliver high energy, which is easily digested and used by the growing calf.
Calf Max also contains all the key minerals needed by the calf to ensure there are no limitations in growth. All three products also include NuStart Evolution, a unique blend of essential oils, prebiotic and functional fibre to enhance the development of the intestinal tract.
Talk to your local Farm Source team about the right option for your farm.